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“真汽车”的资料——在普通道路上进行蒸汽运动的历史和发展 William Fletcher 1891版
The illustration (kindly lent by Messrs.Tangye) shews the engine so clearly that little descriptive matter is needed.The centre of the carriage afforded ample space for seating six or eightpersons, whilst three or four more could be accommodated in front, one or twoof whom performed the duties of driver and steersman. The stoker was of coursestationed at the boiler behind. The driver who sat in front had full control ofthe stop valve and reversing lever, so that the engine could be stopped, orreversed by him as occasion required, whilst by means of a very powerful andwell arranged foot brake at his command, he was able to bring the carriage to astandstill in an incredibly short time and distance. The management of thewhole engine was so simple that the most unskilled persons might haveundertaken it without the slightest fear of accident. The speed of 20 miles anhour could be readily attained, and the engine with its load ascended thesteepest gradients with perfect ease and safety. The body of the carriage wasmade of iron and supported on steel springs of great flexibility, the motionover the roughest roads being smooth and easy. The length of the carriage was16 ft., and the width 5 ft. 9 in. The two cylinders were 5.5 in. diameter and11 in. stroke. The cylinders were neatly lagged, and with the guides wereprotected by an iron casing as shown in the illustration Fig. 62. The drivingand steering wheels were each 39 in. diameter, and 2 in. on the face, made ofwood and strongly typed with iron. The whole vehicle was remarkably compact andsimple in construction, and the working parts were few in number and not liableto derangement. The vertical boiler had a copper firebox, and contained 100brass tubes enabling steam to be raised in a few minutes.
车厢的中央有足够的空间容纳六八个人,而前面可以容纳三四个人,其中一到两个人履行驾驶员和舵手的职责。司炉当然驻扎在锅炉后面。坐在前面的司机完全控制了截止阀和换向杆,这样发动机就可以停下来,或者在需要的时候由他来倒车,同时他还可以通过一个非常强大和布置良好的脚制动器,在极短的时间和距离内使车厢停下来。整个发动机的管理是如此简单,即使是最不熟练的人也可以毫不担心发生事故。每小时20英里的速度是很容易达到的,发动机带着它的负载轻松而安全地爬上了最陡的斜坡。马车的车身是用铁做的,由弹性很大的钢弹簧支撑着,在最崎岖的道路上行驶是平稳而容易的。马车长16英尺,宽5英尺9英寸。两个汽缸是5.5英寸直径,冲程11英寸。汽缸被整齐地套上了防护套,并用铁制外壳保护导管,如图62所示。驱动轮和方向盘各直径39英寸,在轮子最外围是用2英寸厚的木头做的。用铁打得很结实。整车结构紧凑,结构简单,工作部件少,不易出现故障。立式锅炉有一个铜燃烧箱,里面有100根铜管,使蒸汽在几分钟内上升。
No inconvenience was felt from the heat ofthe boiler by persons seated in the body of the carriage, it being partlysurrounded by the feed water tank, the steam was dried before entering thecylinders by passing through a conical coil of pipes in the smoke-box. Whenburning coal, a small jet of steam was employed to introduce air above thefire, and was found to be very effectual in preventing smoke. The loco- motivecarried sufficient fuel and water for a journey of 20 miles. From Mr. RichardTangye's interesting autobiography recently published, we quote the followingrespecting this steam carriage: — "About 1862 thesubject of providing ' feeders ' in country places for the main lines ofrailway came again into prominence. Branch lines had been proved to beunremunerative from their great cost in construction ; and amongst othersystems proposed was that of light, quick- speed locomotives for carryingpassengers, and traction engines for the conveyance of heavy produce and othergoods. We determined to construct a locomotive of the former class, andsucceeded in making a very successful example, with which we travelled manyhundreds of miles. The carriage occupied no more space than an ordinary phaeton; when travelling at over 20 miles an hour, the engine was easily managed andunder perfect control. Fig. 63 shows the ' Cornubia ' on the village green.*
坐在车厢内的人没有因锅炉的热量而感到不便,车厢的一部分被给水罐包围,蒸汽在进入汽缸前通过烟盒内的锥形管圈吹干。在燃烧煤的时候,用一股小股蒸汽把空气引到火的上方,发现它对防止烟雾非常有效。这辆机车载着足够20英里路程的燃料和水。从Richard Tangye先生最近出版的一本有趣的自传中,我们引用了关于这种蒸汽车厢的以下内容:——“大约在1862年,在乡村地区为铁路干线提供‘给料机’的主题再次凸显出来。支线已被证明是没有效益的,因为它们的建设成本很高;除其他提议的系统外,还有运载乘客的轻型、快速机车和用于运输重农产品和其他货物的牵引发动机。我们决心建造一辆前一级的火车头,并成功地做了一个非常成功的例子,我们用它跑了几百英里。这辆马车只占了一辆普通的辉腾汽车的空间;当它以每小时20英里的速度行驶时,发动机很容易操纵,而且控制得很好。图63显示了村庄绿地上的“科努比亚”*
*这一块(理查德·唐野先生好心借来的)就是其中一幅插图 专门为自传《一个和全部》准备的。
跟接近实际的效果图:一个司机,一个司炉,4-6名乘客,还是敞篷超跑的风格哦!
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